Jaw Surgery

Procedure Overview:

1. Consultation and Evaluation: Before undergoing jaw surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation, including a physical exam, X-rays, and possibly 3D imaging to assess the structure and alignment of the jaw. Your surgeon will work closely with your orthodontist to create a treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

2. Anesthesia: Jaw surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia, meaning you will be asleep during the procedure. The surgery usually takes several hours, depending on the complexity of the case.

3. Surgical Procedure: The exact procedure varies depending on the condition being treated, but here are some common approaches:

   • Upper Jaw (Maxillary) Surgery: This surgery involves repositioning the upper jaw to correct problems with overbite, underbite, or crossbite. The surgeon may cut the jaw bone and move it into a new position, securing it with plates and screws.

   • Lower Jaw (Mandibular) Surgery: This procedure addresses issues such as underbites or jaw protrusion. The lower jaw is repositioned to improve alignment, and the bone is secured with screws or plates.

   • Chin Surgery (Genioplasty): Sometimes, jaw surgery may be combined with chin surgery to improve facial aesthetics, especially if the chin is too protrusive or recessed.

4. Recovery and Healing: After the procedure, your jaw will be secured using elastic bands or other devices to help maintain proper alignment while healing. You will likely need to follow a soft food diet for several weeks, and your surgeon will provide specific instructions regarding post-operative care.

Recovery Time:

• Initial Recovery: The first few days after surgery will involve swelling, bruising, and discomfort, which can be managed with prescribed pain medications. You’ll need to rest and follow your surgeon’s instructions carefully to ensure proper healing.

• Soft Food Diet: During the early recovery phase (usually 4-6 weeks), you will need to follow a soft or liquid diet. Chewing may be difficult or impossible for a few weeks, so it’s important to consume nutritious foods that can be easily swallowed.

• Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising typically peak 2-3 days after surgery and gradually improve over the next few weeks. Full recovery, including a reduction in swelling, may take 6-8 weeks.

• Braces and Orthodontics: In many cases, jaw surgery is combined with orthodontic treatment. Patients typically wear braces for 12-18 months before surgery and continue wearing them for several months after surgery to ensure that the teeth settle into their new position.

• Return to Normal Activities: Most patients can return to work or school within 1-2 weeks, though strenuous activities and heavy lifting should be avoided for at least 6 weeks.

Risks:

As with any surgery, jaw surgery carries certain risks. While complications are rare, they can include:

1. Infection: Like any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection at the surgical site. This risk can be minimized with proper aftercare and following your surgeon’s instructions closely.

2. Nerve Damage: Nerve damage can occur during jaw surgery, potentially leading to numbness or tingling in the lips, chin, or gums. This is usually temporary but can sometimes be permanent in rare cases.

3. Bleeding: Some bleeding is expected during and after surgery, but excessive bleeding may require additional treatment.

4. Jaw Stiffness or Misalignment: While rare, the jaw may not heal in the proper position, or the plates and screws may shift. If this happens, additional surgery may be required.

5. Changes in Bite: In some cases, the desired bite correction may not be fully achieved, and further orthodontic adjustments or even a revision surgery might be necessary.

6. Scarring: Although jaw surgery is typically performed inside the mouth or along discreet incisions, there is always a small risk of visible scarring. These scars are usually minimal and can fade over time.

7. Prolonged Recovery: Some patients may experience extended swelling, discomfort, or stiffness as their jaws heal. Physical therapy or additional support might be needed to restore full range of motion.

Conclusion:

Jaw surgery can significantly improve both the function and appearance of the jaw and facial structures. It can enhance the alignment of the teeth and jaw, relieve discomfort, and even improve breathing, speaking, and chewing. However, like any surgery, it requires careful consideration of the risks, recovery process, and long-term benefits. If you’re considering jaw surgery, it’s important to choose a skilled surgeon who is board certified in plastic surgery and oral and maxilloficial surgery who can assess your needs and provide a customized treatment plan. With proper care and rehabilitation, most patients are very satisfied with the results and experience a significant improvement in their quality of life.